PrepTest 90+, Section 4, Question 2

Difficulty: 
Passage
Game

Columnist: Making some types of products from recycled materials is probably as damaging to the environment as it would be to make those products from entirely nonrecycled materials. The recycling process for those products requires as much energy as producing them from raw materials, and almost all energy production damages the environment.

Columnist: Making some types of products from recycled materials is probably as damaging to the environment as it would be to make those products from entirely nonrecycled materials. The recycling process for those products requires as much energy as producing them from raw materials, and almost all energy production damages the environment.

Columnist: Making some types of products from recycled materials is probably as damaging to the environment as it would be to make those products from entirely nonrecycled materials. The recycling process for those products requires as much energy as producing them from raw materials, and almost all energy production damages the environment.

Columnist: Making some types of products from recycled materials is probably as damaging to the environment as it would be to make those products from entirely nonrecycled materials. The recycling process for those products requires as much energy as producing them from raw materials, and almost all energy production damages the environment.

Question
2

The reasoning in the columnist's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

uses the word "environment" in one sense in a premise and in a different sense in the conclusion drawn from that premise

treats an effect of energy-related damage to the environment as if it were instead a cause of such damage

fails to consider that the particular types of recycled products that it cites may not be representative of recycled products in general

fails to consider that making products from recycled materials may have environmental benefits unrelated to energy consumption

presumes that simply because one phenomenon follows another phenomenon the earlier phenomenon must be a cause of the later one

D
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