PrepTest 32, Section 2, Question 19
There is no genuinely altruistic behavior. Everyone needs to have a sufficient amount of self-esteem, which crucially depends on believing oneself to be useful and needed. Behavior that appears to be altruistic can be understood as being motivated by the desire to reinforce that belief, a clearly self-interested motivation.
There is no genuinely altruistic behavior. Everyone needs to have a sufficient amount of self-esteem, which crucially depends on believing oneself to be useful and needed. Behavior that appears to be altruistic can be understood as being motivated by the desire to reinforce that belief, a clearly self-interested motivation.
There is no genuinely altruistic behavior. Everyone needs to have a sufficient amount of self-esteem, which crucially depends on believing oneself to be useful and needed. Behavior that appears to be altruistic can be understood as being motivated by the desire to reinforce that belief, a clearly self-interested motivation.
There is no genuinely altruistic behavior. Everyone needs to have a sufficient amount of self-esteem, which crucially depends on believing oneself to be useful and needed. Behavior that appears to be altruistic can be understood as being motivated by the desire to reinforce that belief, a clearly self-interested motivation.
A flaw in the argument is that it
presupposes that anyone who is acting out of self-interest is being altruistic
illicitly infers that behavior is altruistic merely because it seems altruistic
fails to consider that self-esteem also depends on maintaining an awareness of one's own value
presumes, without providing justification, that if one does not hold oneself in sufficient self-esteem one cannot be useful or needed
takes for granted that any behavior that can be interpreted as self-interested is in fact self-interested
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